6.Japan+and+Vietnam

Espirit Chart on Japan

**Main Idea**: relied on peasant and agriculture. || **Main Idea:** Japanese society was dominated by a aristrocratic class, the japanese elites were divided and new social classes started to build up. || **Main Idea:** In the postclassical period saw a shifted from a more centralized type of govt. into a more decentralized type of gvt. || **Main Idea:** Japanese philosaphy relied on Chinese political and philosaphy. || **Main Idea:** Practiced Buddhism ||
 * E || * Ly Van Phuc entered the chinese imperial capital at Beijing
 * Vietnamese royal family were fluent in Chinese and honored Confucian principles of govt. and social organization/ education
 * China was the seedbed of chinese innvoention, model for social, military and political organization, influence on religious thinking, commercial exchange.
 * Again based societies
 * Japenese monks and traders made the dangerous sea crossing to china
 * New tools, greater use of animals and new crops, soybeans
 * S || * Japanese elites were divided, peasants and merchants, Chinese imports
 * **Taika reforms **, by 646 the emperor introduced this, the imperial administration along Chinese lines.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Struggled to master confician ways, kami= natural spirts
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Emperor kammu established a new capital city at Heian which is later called kyato
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Japanese broke with Chinese precedent in determining rank by birth
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Men and women of the aristocratic followed codes on polite behavior
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Fujiwara, exceptional influence over imperial affiars, his four daughters were married to emperors
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">**Taira** gained the upperhand by controlling the emperor
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Yoritomo, the leader of the minamoto weakened the kamakura because of his fear of being overthrown by members if his own family
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Kamkura s**hoguns** or military leader of the bakufu
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Hojo, one of the warrior families closely allied to the minamoto soon dominated the kamkura regime
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Daimyos warlord rulers rather than bushi
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Women had indepdence ->organization and business management, positions were sometimes inherited by daughters.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Primogeniture or limiting inheritance
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 65pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">P || * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Familes risen to power as Landowners, estate managers or local state officials
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">With mini states ruled the warrior leaders or bushi, admisitraded law, supervised public work projects
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Mounted troops or samurai were loyal to the local lords
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Imperial government weakened in the 11th and 12th century
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">S**amura**i and **bushi** devoted their lives to hunting riding archery practice and martial skills
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Bukufu, tent-military government- established when the taira house had been destroyed in 1185
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 65pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">I || * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Rivaly turned into a open warfare in the 1180s, **minamoto** commanders and their network of alliances with lords in parts of the country proved superior to the leaders.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Gempei wars raged in the hearland of the main island of Honshu, brought suffering to peasentry, farmlands,
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">The minamoto family, **ashikaga takuaji**, led a revolt of the bushi that overthrw the kamakura and established **ashikaga shogunate**
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Warfare was fundalmetally transformed as a large numbers of peasents armed with pikes
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 65pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">R || * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Warriors would commit suicide to prove their courage and restore the family’s honor= seppuku
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Hara kiri or belly splitting
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">The teaching of pure land offered the promise of bliss in heaven
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Buddhist teaching comprehensible to both peasantry and artisan
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Buddhist shrines and images became popular for pilgrimages
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Buddhism was transformed by both aristocrats
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Zen Buddhism
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 65pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">I || * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Writing verse was a way of art, poems were written on fans and scented paper
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Lady muraski’s **The tale of Genji,** first novel in any language
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">She relates the life history of a prominent son of the emperor and the fate of his descendants.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Everyone who matters in genjis world is obsessed with the social conventions that govern everything.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Her novels made clear that women did court perspective lovers with passion
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">She also wrote some elegant poetry, illustrates women at the Heian court were expected to be as poised and cultured as men.
 * Main Idea:** ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 65pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">T || * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Powerful longbows that the mounted warriors used, they also carried straight swords
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">the great stone castles
 * Main Idea:** new agriculture developments increased the japanese economy. ||

**Chart on Japan, Vietnam and Korea**
· Language · religion ( Buddhism) · Chinese style templed · Literacy expressions · Imperial bureaucracy · Soybeans · Zen Buddhism **﻿** · Empress koken, marry and become emperor · Women could never rule japan · 794 emperor kammu established capital at Heian later called kyoto · The japense broke with chinese precedent in determining rank by birth and allowing little mobility · Men and women followed strick orders of polite behavior · Genjis mothers left spoiled fruit where she passes · Made it clear that women did court prospective lovers with passion · Uncommon for a women to spurn a suitor an humiliate him · Warrior leaders or bushi, admistrated law, supervised public projects · Women had independence but could not rule japan ? Korea · Parts of Korea were colonized by Chinese the adaptation of Chinese culture · Buddhism · Chinese writing, language adopted from the Chinese chinese style bureaucracy · Tribute system · Favored buddihism over Confucianism · As Chinese control weakened in koguryo, they established independent state that was soon at war with Silla and Paekche · Pale green-glazed celadon bowls · Using honey as a sort of glue · Aristocratic households · Social category: commoners, mainly peasants, and near slaves known as ‘low born’
 * Japan**
 * Borrowed from China- **
 * Unique- **
 * Borrowed from china- **
 * Unique- **

· Political organization · Buracracy · Chinese-style schools · Took exams to qualify for adminsation post, positions defined by chinese · Cropping techniques and irrigation technology · Military organization · Chinese style palaces · Administrative system with secretaries, bureau of cenors · Language · Women had more freedom and influence within the family and society · Clothing (women preferred long skirts to the black pants that nonelte women wore in china) · Chewed betal nut, Chinese found disgusting · Writing and poetry · Trung sisters ( daughter of a powerful lord who lived at the beginning of the fist century) · Women were confined in there home
 * Vietnam **
 * Borrowed from china- **
 * Unique- **